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What is intestinal flora? What you need to know for your health

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What is gut flora? — The key to good health

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Four groups of bacteria that make up the intestinal flora

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Our intestines are home to hundreds of trillions of bacteria, which can be broadly divided into four groups.

Firmicutes

It has the ability to break down indigestible dietary fiber and absorb energy. It helps with energy absorption, but too much of it can lead to obesity.

Bacteroidetes

It mainly breaks down dietary fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc.), supporting intestinal health. It has been reported that Bacteroidetes is often reduced in obese people.

Actinobacteria

It contains lactic acid bacteria and other bacteria that help regulate the intestinal environment.

Proteobacteria

Some species are pathogenic and can easily proliferate when the intestinal environment is disturbed. If the balance is disrupted, it can cause inflammation.

The balance of intestinal bacteria is greatly influenced by diet and lifestyle.

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Dietary fiber, which nourishes the intestinal flora

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Dietary fiber is essential for cultivating good intestinal flora. Water-soluble dietary fiber in particular serves as food for intestinal bacteria, helping the growth of good bacteria.

Foods high in dietary fiber

✅ Water-soluble dietary fiber: kelp, wakame seaweed, okra, burdock, avocado, banana

✅ Insoluble dietary fiber: brown rice, soybeans, nuts, mushrooms, and vegetables in general

role

• It provides food for beneficial bacteria and improves the intestinal environment.

• Promotes bowel movements and expels waste from the body

• Strengthens the intestinal barrier

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Oral flora is also important!

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Like intestinal flora, oral flora (oral bacterial flora) is closely related to health. It is known that a poor oral environment also affects intestinal flora.

Tips for regulating oral flora

✅ Chew your food thoroughly (saliva helps promote good bacteria)

✅ Limit your sugar intake

✅ Eat fermented foods rich in lactic acid bacteria (yogurt, miso, natto, etc.)

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The difference between prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics

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Prebiotics Probiotics Synbiotics
definition Ingredients that serve as food for good bacteria The good bacteria itself Prebiotics + Probiotics
example Dietary fiber, oligosaccharides Lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria Yogurt + oligosaccharides
effect Helps the growth of good bacteria Increase the number of good bacteria in the intestines Improves intestinal environment through synergistic effects









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Oligosaccharides, prebiotics, and resistant starch: powerful reinforcements for intestinal flora

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Oligosaccharides, prebiotics, and resistant starch are attracting attention as ingredients that regulate intestinal flora.

Oligosaccharides

What should I eat?

Banana, soybean, onion, garlic, honey

What will you do?

It serves as food for bifidobacteria and increases the number of good bacteria in the intestines.

Resistant starch

What should I eat?

Cold rice, unripe bananas, beans, potatoes

What will you do?

Produces short-chain fatty acids in the large intestine and supports intestinal flora

Prebiotics

What should I eat?

Foods containing dietary fiber and oligosaccharides (vegetables, beans, seaweed)

What will you do?

It serves as food for good bacteria and improves the intestinal environment.

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Intestinal bacteria in the spotlight

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Akkermansia muciniphila

This bacterium accounts for approximately 5 % of the human intestinal bacteria and plays an important role in strengthening the intestinal barrier function.

role

  • Protects the intestinal mucosa

  • Strengthening the intestinal barrier function

  • Improves metabolism

  • Reduces the risk of obesity and diabetes

Foods that increase this bacteria

  • Foods containing polyphenols

  • blueberry

  • cacao

  • Green Tea


Bacteroides fragilis G & Prevotella

Bacteroides and Prevotella genera play a role in regulating immunity in the intestine.

role

  • Aids digestion and stabilizes the intestinal environment

  • Regulates the immune system and reduces inflammation

Foods that increase this bacteria

  • Plant-based foods (beans, vegetables, fermented foods)


lactic acid bacteria

Lactic acid-producing bacteria help balance the intestinal flora.

role

  • Lowers the pH in the intestines and prevents the growth of harmful bacteria

  • Improves immunity

Foods that increase this bacteria

  • yogurt

  • Kimchi

  • pickled vegetables

  • miso

E. coli

They are normally present in the intestines, but some types can be harmful. Balance is important.

Eat fermented foods to maintain a healthy gut environment!

Good E. coli (E. coli Nissle 1917)

  • Improve your intestinal environment

  • Strengthens immunity

Bad E. coli (pathogenic E. coli)

  • It disrupts the balance of the intestinal flora and can lead to illness.


summary

Improving your intestinal flora is an important step in building a foundation for good health.

✅ Eat meals that are rich in dietary fiber, oligosaccharides, and resistant starch!

✅ Don't forget to care for your oral flora

✅ Practice a diet that nurtures important intestinal bacteria. By improving your intestinal environment, you can improve your skin condition, your immune system, and your mental health.

From now on, let's practice better intestinal health by focusing on an approach that includes food, stress management, sleep, and exercise!

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